Yes, unfortunately, Learner's Permits are typically only good for one year. Your permit should have its expiration date on it. I didn't think cops could initiate random traffic stops without cause. Were you speeding or violating any other traffic laws? Some states have a graduated license, and getting a ticket while driving on a permit can have consequences that go beyond the fine. If you've racked up enough points, you might have to wait a few months before trying for your official license. I hope that's not the case for you.